Datas, Horas e Falando sobre o tempo

Meses (months):
    January
    February
    March
    April
    May
    June
    July
    August
    September
    October
    November
    December

Dias da semana (days of the week):
    Sunday
    Monday
    Tuesday
    Wednesday
    Thursday
    Friday
    Saturday

Dia do mês:
    When is your birthday? -- My birthday is on... [mês seguido do dia] --> My birthday is on July Second
    When is her birthday? -- Her birthday in on December 3rd
    When is his birthday? -- His birthday is on August 15th.

When were you born? -- I was born on July third, 1979 (I was born in 1979)

Os anos, geralmente, são falados em duas partes:
    1889 (Eighteen eighty-nine)
    1735 (Seventeen thirty-five)
    1999 (Nineteen ninety-nine)

Anos 2000:
    2000 (Two thousand)
    2001 (Two thousand and one)
    2003 (O three)
    2004 (O four)
    2010 (Twenty ten / Two thousand and 10)   
    2011 (Twenty eleven / Two thousand and eleven)
    2012 (Twenty twelve / Two thousand and twelve)

Exemplos:

    What year is your car? -- It's an O four (É um 2004)
    I graduated in two thousand and for.
    I finished high-school in nineteen ninety-seven.
    When was your last vacation? -- My last vacation was is June, two thousand and eleven.

The nineties (90's / anos 90)
The eighties (80's)
The seventies (70's)
The sixties (60's)

    This videogame was popular in the seventies.
    This band was my favorite in the eighties.

Para a década de 1900 a 1909, diz-se: The 1900's (The nineteen hundreds)
    My grandmother was born in the 1900's.
    There was a revolution in the eighteen hundreds (1800's)

HORAS

What time is it? (Que horas são?)

What time is it now? (Que horas são agora?)
Do you have the time (Você tem as horas?)

Dividindo o relógio no meio, tem-se duas metades de 30: two halves

Dividindo em 4 de 15 min: four quarters

    It's a quarter past eleven (11:15 -- um quarto de hora passado depois das 11)
    It's half past five (5:30 -- It's five thirty)

AM (Antes do meio-dia)
PM (Depois do meio-dia)

What time is the meeting? -- It's 7:30 AM (It's seven thirty AM)
What time is the meeting? -- It's 5 PM

In the morning (Da manhã / pela manhã)
In the afternoon (Da tarde / pela tarde)
At night (Da noite / pela noite)

    I wake up at 5 o'clock in the morning to go to work.
    My class starts at 2 in the afternoon.
    I get home at 10 o'clock at night.

What day is today, of the week? -- Today is monday
What day was yesterday? -- Yesterday was sunday
What day is tomorrow? -- Tomorrow is tuesday

Para responder horas em ponto, utiliza-se a expressão O'CLOCK:
    It's one o'clock (ou apenas: It's one)
    It's two o'clock
    It's three o'clock

Quando não é em ponto, depois da hora:
    It's 1:15 (It's one fifteen)
    It's 2:20 (It's two tweenty)
    It's 10 past three (10 passado das 3)
    It's 20 past 5 (20 passado das 5)

Quando não é em ponto, antes da hora:
    It's 10 to 5 (10 para às 5)
    It's 5 to 3 (5 para às 3)
   
It's midnight (é meia-noite)
It's noon (é meio-dia)

Talking about the weather (Falando sobre o tempo)

What's the weather like today? -- It's cold and raining / It's warm and sunny
How's the weather today? -- It's hot and humid / It's snowing and very cold / It's windy and cloudy

It's raining (Está chovendo)
It's rainy (Está chuvoso)
It's cloudy (Está nublado)
It's windy (Está ventoso)
It's warm (Está agradável)
It's muggy (Está abafado, ruim)
It's hailing (Chovendo granizo)

Temperature (Fahrenheit nos EUA)
What's the temperature? -- It's thirty degrees today
What's the temperature today? -- It's forty degrees / It's below zero

Expressões úteis:

It's chilly today (Está friozinho)
It's cold (Está frio)
It's freezing (Congelando)
It's pouring (Está uma chuvarada)
It's pouring out (Está uma chuvarada lá fora)
It's so cold today (Está tão frio hoje)
It's extremely hot
It's nice out today (Está bonito lá fora hoje)
It's so nice out (É tão bonito lá fora)

The weather is beautiful
Crazy weather!
I'm soaking wet (Estou ensopado)
I'm soaked (Estou ensopado)

O oposto de WET é DRY.

I need an umbrella
Do you have a raincoat? (Você tem uma capa de chuva?)

What's your favorite season of the year?
    My favorite season is spring
    I love the summer
    Fall is the best season of the year
    I can't stand the cold in the winter